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目的 运用Meta分析评价不同体质指数与压力性损伤发生风险之间的关系。方法 检索The Cochrane Library、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Sinomed、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普中文科技期刊数据库中关于体质指数与压力性损伤发生风险相关的研究，检索时限为建库至2025年12月31日。采用Stata18.0统计软件包进行Meta分析，采用R软件GeMTC程序包进行网状Meta分析。结果 共纳入25篇文献。Meta分析显示，与正常体质指数相比，低体重和肥胖患者风险显著升高。剂量-反应关系分析显示，不同体质指数与压力性损伤发生风险呈“U”型非线性关联，最低风险点为26.2 kg/m2。网状Meta分析结果显示，不同体质指数患者压力性损伤发生风险的累积排序概率曲线下面积从高到低依次为低体重(96.00%)>肥胖(83.67%)>超重(46.83%)>正常体重(23.50%)。结论 临床应重视不同体质指数状态下压力性损伤发生风险的差异，尤其加强对低体重和肥胖患者的风险识别与预防管理，上述结果仍需更多高质量研究进一步验证。
Abstract：Objective To evaluate the relationship between different body mass index(BMI) and the risk of pressure injury using network Meta analysis.Methods Databases including The Cochrane Library,PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,Si nomed,CBM,CNKI,Wanfang Data,and VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database were searched for studies on BMI and pressure injury risk from inception to December 31,2025.Meta analysis was performed using Stata 18.0,and network Meta analysis was conducted using the GeMTC package in R software.Results A total of 25 studies were included.Meta analysis showed that compared with normal BMI,underweight and obesity were associated with significantly increased risk,while overweight was not statistically significant.Dose-response analysis revealed a "U" shaped non-linear relationship between BMI and pressure injury risk,with the lowest risk point at 26.2 kg/m2.Network Meta analysis results showed that the surface under the cumulative ranking curve for pressure injury risk across different BMI categories,from highest to lowest was as follows : underweight(96.00%) > obesity(83.67%) > overweight(46.83%) > normal weight(23.50%).Conclusion In clinical practice,it is crucial to pay attention to the differences in the risk of pressure injuries under various BMI conditions,especially strengthening the risk identification and prevention management for patients with low body weight and obesity.The above results still need to be further verified by more high-quality studies.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:R473
引用信息:
[1]樊欣,陈孝利,王雪丹,等.体质指数与压力性损伤发生风险相关性的Meta分析[J].护理管理杂志,2026,26(08):668-672+678.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金（72474092）; 甘肃省卫生健康行业科研计划项目（GSWSHL2022-02）
2026-08-10
2026-08-10